Ikosa ryumvikana indishyiUrutini urufunguzo rwo gusaba. Imyanda ifata ahanini ifite ikosa ryumva, Ikosa rya Offset, Ikosa rya Hysstesis, hamwe namakosa. Iyi ngingo izamenyekanisha uburyo bwaya makosa ane ningaruka zabyo kubisubizo by'ibizamini. Mugihe kimwe, bizamenyekanisha uburyo bwigitutu ningero zisaba kunoza uburangare.
Kugeza ubu, ku isoko ritandukanye ku isoko, ryemerera injeniyeri guhitamo sensor isabwa kuri sisitemu. Izi sensors zirimo byombi impinduka zifatizo no kwishyira hamwe kwishyira hamwe hamwe numuzunguruko. Kubera itandukaniro, injeniyeri zishushanyije zigomba kwihatira kwishyura amakosa yo gupima igitugu, nikihe ntambwe yingenzi mu kwemeza ko sensor yujuje ibishushanyo nibisabwa. Rimwe na rimwe, indishyi irashobora kandi kuzamura imikorere rusange ya sensor muri porogaramu.
Ibitekerezo byaganiriweho muri iyi ngingo birakurikizwa kubishushanyo no gushyira mubikorwa sensor zitandukanye, zifite ibyiciro bitatu:
1. Calibration yibanze cyangwa idacometse;
2. Harimo guhamagarwa no kubura ubushyuhe;
3. Ifite kalibration, indishyi, no kongera.
Offset, intera ya met, nubushyuhe burashobora kugerwaho binyuze mumiyoboro yo kurwanya film yo kurwanya film yo kurwanya film, ikoresha inyuma ya laser mugihe cyo gupakira. Iyi sensor isanzwe ikoreshwa muguhuza na microcontroller, hamwe na software yashyizwemo microcontroller ubwayo ishyiraho icyitegererezo cyimibare ya sensor ya sensor. Nyuma ya microcontroller isoma ibisohoka, icyitegererezo gishobora guhindura voltage agaciro kagaba igipimo nigipimo cya analogi-to-digine.
Icyitegererezo cyoroshye cyimibare kuri sensor nicyo gikorwa cyo kwimurwa. Icyitegererezo kirashobora guteganya muburyo bwose bwa kalibration, kandi gukura kwayo biziyongera hamwe no kongera amanota ya kalibration.
Duhereye kubitekerezo, ikosa ryo gupima rifite ibisobanuro bikomeye cyane: biranga itandukaniro riri hagati yigitutu cyapimwe nurututu nyarwo. Ariko, mubisanzwe ntibishoboka kugirango ubone igitutu nyacyo, ariko birashobora kugereranywa no gukoresha amahame yumuvuduko ukwiye. Ubumenyi bwa metero mubisanzwe bakoresha ibikoresho hamwe nukuri byibuze inshuro 10 kurenza ibikoresho byapimwe nkibipimo byo gupima.
Bitewe nuko sisitemu zidafunze zirashobora guhindura gusa ibisohoka gusa nigitutu ukoresheje ibitekerezo bisanzwe hamwe nindangagaciro.
Iri kosa ryambere ridashidikanywaho rigizwe nibice bikurikira:
1. Ikosa ryumva: ubunini bwikosa ryakozwe ni ugereranywa nigitutu. Niba sensibite yibikoresho iruta agaciro gasanzwe, ikosa ryumvikana rizaba umurimo wo kongera igitutu. Niba sensitivite iri munsi yuburyo busanzwe, ikosa ryumva rizaba rigabanuka ryigitutu. Impamvu yaryo ikosa iterwa nimpinduka mubikorwa byo kugabanuka.
2. Ikosa rya Offset: Bitewe na Hanze Yuzuye Mubihe Byinshi Byimbuto, Impinduka muburyo bwo gutunganya no gukosora laser bizavamo amakosa ya offset.
3. Mubisanzwe, Ikosa rya Hysstesis rikeneye gusuzumwa gusa mubihe hari impinduka zikomeye mumuvuduko.
4. Ikosa rya Sorn: Iki nikintu gifite ingaruka nto ugereranije nikosa ryambere, riterwa no kutabaho kumubiri wafer wafer. Ariko, kuri sensor hamwe na amplifiers, kutubahiriza amplifier nabo bagomba kubamo. Umurongo wamakosa wo hagati urashobora kuba umurongo uturuka cyangwa umurongo wa convex.
Calibration irashobora gukuraho cyangwa kugabanya cyane aya makosa, mugihe ubuhanga bwimpano busanzwe busaba kugena ibipimo byimikorere yo kwimurwa kwa sisitemu, aho gukoresha indangagaciro zisanzwe. Poteniometers, abatungura rishobora guhinduka, hamwe nibindi bikoresho byose birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwindishyi, mugihe software ishobora kurushaho gushyira mubikorwa iyi nama yo kwishyura indishyi.
Uburyo bumwe bwo guhagarika ingingo burashobora kwishyura amakosa yo gukuraho amakosa agenda kumwanya wa zeru wo kwimura, kandi ubu buryo bwuburyo bwa kalibrasi butwa Automatic zeught zeuctic zeughtic zeught zeughtic zeuct zeught zeught zeuctic zeoni. Calibration ya Offset ikorwa mubusanzwe igitutu cya zeru, cyane cyane muri resermer itandukanye, nkuko igitutu gitandukanye ni 0 mubihe bidasanzwe. Kuri sensor nziza, calibration iragoye kuko irasaba uburyo bwo gusoma igitutu kugirango upime igitutu cyacyo cya kalibrate kumiterere yibidukikije, cyangwa umugenzuzi wigitutu kugirango ubone igitutu cyifuzwa.
Umuvuduko wa zeru wa sensor utandukanye ni ukuri cyane kuko igitutu cya kalibration kiri zeru. Kurundi ruhande, kalibrasi inyangamugayo mugihe igitutu kitari zemewe biterwa nibikorwa bya gahunda yumuvuduko cyangwa gahunda yo gupima.
Hitamo Umuvuduko wa Calibration
Guhitamo igitutu cya kalibration nibyingenzi cyane kuko bigena umubare wigitutu ugera kubwukuri. Mubyukuri, nyuma ya kalibration, ikosa nyaryo rya Offset rigabanywa kuri kalibration yerekana kandi rigakomeza kuba agaciro gake. Kubwibyo, ingingo ya kalibrasi igomba gutoranywa ishingiye kumuvuduko wimiturire, kandi umuvuduko ukaba udahuye nurwego rwakazi.
Kugirango uhindure ibisohoka mugaciro igitutu, sensibitivite isanzwe ikoreshwa kuri calibration imwe muri kalibration yimibare kuko sensictivite nyayo iramenyekana.
Nyuma yo gukora Calibration (PCAl = 0), ikosa ryikosa ryerekana ko uhagaritse uhagaritse umurongo uhagarariye ikosa mbere ya kalibrasi.
Ubu buryo bwa kalibration bufite ibisabwa nibiciro byo gushyira mubikorwa ugereranije nuburyo bumwe bwo muri kalibration. Ariko, ugereranije nuburyo bwa kalibrasi, ubu buryo burashobora kunoza uburyo bwa sisitemu kuko bitabamiye gusa kuri offset gusa, ahubwo binone bikaba byumvikana kwa sensor. Kubwibyo, muburambe bwo kubara, indangamuntu nziza irashobora gukoreshwa aho kuba indangagaciro za Atypical.
Hano, kalibrasi ikorwa mubihe bya megpascals 0-500 (igipimo cyuzuye). Kubera ko ikosa ryibitabo byafashwe byegereye zeru, ni ngombwa cyane cyane gushyira izi ngingo kugirango ubone ikosa rito ryo gupima mumutungo uteganijwe.
Porogaramu zimwe zisaba ubusobanuro bukabije kugirango igitutu cyose. Muri ibi bikorwa, uburyo bwinshi bwa kalibration ya Calibration irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ubone ibisubizo byiza cyane. Mubikoresho byinshi bya kalibration, ntabwo byanze gusa n'amakosa yo kumva, ariko nanone amakosa menshi yumurongo yitabwaho. Icyitegererezo cyimibare cyakoreshejwe hano ni kimwe na kalibration ebyiri kuri buri kalibrasi hagati (hagati yingingo ebyiri za kalibration).
Ibice bitatu
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ikosa ryumurongo rifite ifishi ihamye, kandi ikosa ryumurongo uhuye numurongo wigereranya quadratire, hamwe nubunini bwamahanuwe. Ibi ni ukuri cyane kuri sensor zidakoresha amplifiers, kuko kutubahiriza sensor zishingiye cyane kubwimpamvu zamashini (zatewe nigitutu cya firime cya silicon).
Ibisobanuro byikosa ryamakosa birashobora kuboneka mugukaba impuzandengo ugereranije yumurongo wingero zisanzwe no kugena ibipimo byimikorere ya Polynomial (a × 2 + BX + c). Icyitegererezo cyabonetse nyuma yo kugena A, B, na C ningirakamaro kuri sensor yuburyo bumwe. Ubu buryo burashobora kwishyuza neza amakosa yumurongo udakeneye ingingo ya gatatu ya kalibration.
Igihe cya nyuma: Gashyantare-27-2025